2056 BC
Abram (later Abraham) was born in Ur of the Chaldeans, a major city in Mesopotamia, to Terah. Ur was a center of advanced civilization and polytheistic worship, dominated by the moon god Sin. Into this environment, God would call Abram to become the father of a new people and the recipient of the covenant that would shape the course of salvation history. Abram married Sarai, who was barren, and together they would become the parents of the promised child through whom all nations would be blessed.
The birth of Abram marks the beginning of a new chapter in God's plan. After the universal history of Genesis 1-11, God begins to work through a particular family and a particular line. Yet this particularity is always in service of universality: the promise to Abraham is that 'all the families of the earth shall be blessed' through his offspring (Genesis 12:3). The Catholic Church sees in Abraham the father of all who believeβboth Jews and Gentiles who place their trust in God.
St. Paul writes that 'the promises were made to Abraham and to his offspring. It does not say, "And to offsprings," referring to many, but referring to one, "And to your offspring," who is Christ' (Galatians 3:16). Abraham's birth thus inaugurates the line through which the Messiah would come. Key Scripture: Genesis 11:26-32; Galatians 3:16; Romans 4:16-17