1800 BC
Joseph's rise from prison to the second-highest position in Egypt is one of the most dramatic reversals in Scripture. When Pharaoh had two troubling dreamsβseven fat cows devoured by seven lean cows, and seven healthy ears of grain consumed by seven withered onesβnone of the Egyptian magicians could interpret them. The cupbearer remembered Joseph and recommended him to Pharaoh. Joseph interpreted the dreams: seven years of abundance would be followed by seven years of famine.
Impressed by Joseph's wisdom, Pharaoh appointed him vizier (second-in-command) over all Egypt at the age of 30. Joseph was given an Egyptian name (Zaphenath-paneah), married Asenath, and implemented a plan to store grain during the years of abundance. When the famine came, not only Egypt but all surrounding regionsβincluding Canaanβcame to Egypt to buy grain. Joseph's brothers came to buy food, and though they did not recognize him, he recognized them. After testing their character, Joseph revealed himself and invited his entire family to settle in the land of Goshen.
The Catholic Church sees in Joseph's elevation God's providential plan: 'You meant evil against me, but God meant it for good, to bring it about that many people should be kept alive, as they are today' (Genesis 50:20). Key Scripture: Genesis 41; Genesis 45; Genesis 50:20; CCC 302-303